Analysis Of The Movie Transamerica - 875 Words

Description: The movie Transamerica is about a man named Stanley who is in the process of trying to finalize his transition into a women. With the surgery finally only a week away, Sabrina aka Bree gets a call finding out that she had fathered a son with a woman from college. Now knowing about the son, her therapist insists that Bree go and reconnect with him before she goes on with this final transition. Bree reluctantly travels to New York to meet her son Toby who turns out to be a delinquent trying to move to California so that he can better his life by becoming a porn star. Bree agrees to then help Toby out by letting him tag along on her drive back to Los Angeles. During the drive to L.A. both Bree and Toby overcome a lot of obstacles that help bring them together to form a closer relationship. Towards the end of the movie Toby and Bree end up at her parents’ house where Toby soon learns the Bree is his birth father Stanley. When Toby finds out he runs away and continues his journey to L.A. by himself as does Bree. When Toby gets to L.A. he ends up starring in a pornographic movie like he wanted. As for Bree she goes home and goes through the final surgery to become a women. The final scene of this movie is of Toby going to visit Bree after he comes to terms with that fact that she is his father. (Tucker, Transamerica) Underlying Message about Sexuality: In Transamerica, directed by Duncan Tucker, the underlying message is all about acceptance and getting approvalShow MoreRelatedEssay on The First Gay Movie: Transamerica directed by Duncan Tucker2331 Words   |  10 PagesThe first gay movie I watched was â€Å"Transamerica† directed by Duncan Tucker. While reading its review, I was impressed and fascinated by one sentence â€Å"Bree is one in which many will identify with in needing to become the person you really should be† (Irapoport, 2005). After this movie, I started searching for other gay movies and continued to watch gay movies until today. I am the kind of person who enjoys movies; however, this does not apply to all genres. Interestingly, despite being a girl whoRead MoreThe Influence Of Age, Religion, And Intergroup Contact6284 Words   |  26 PagesIntergroup contact can increase tolerance and empathy while decreasing stereotypes, prejudice, and conflict. This can be used to explain the increase in acceptance of same-sex marriage among generational groups and religions. G.G. Lewis? (2011) meta-analysis of 27 nationally representative survey results revealed that respondents who knew someone gay, lesbian, or bisexual were more likely to support gay rights, a trend identified in every demographic, religious, and political group (Lewis 2011). DimockRead MoreGEs Corporate Strategy8780 Words   |  36 Pagesthe deal are harder for GE to justify. The media business is far more competitive than other industries in which GE can use its financial heft and strong brand name to squash the competition. GE executives have said they had no interest in owning a movie studio, with its unpredictable earnings and difficult personalities.†7 NBC Universal was divested in 2012, and Immelt said, â€Å"When we looked at NBC, we made the transition from network to cable and the next transition was Internet and I didn’t wantRead MoreCapital Mortgage Insurance Corporation (a)31612 Words   |  127 PagesCases, Fifth Edition Cases EXHIBIT 1 | Major Employee Relocation Services Companies Parent Organization Merrill Lynch Peterson, Howell, Heather Equitable Life Insurance Chicago Title and Trust Control Data Corporation Sears/Coldwell Banker Transamerica, Inc. 5,000 5,000 3,000 3,000 3,000 13,000 12,000 $975,000,000 900,000,000 375,000,000 375,000,000 225,000,000 225,000,000 225,000,000 Estimated 1978 Home Purchases Estimated Value of Home Purchases* Estimated Gross Fee Income†  $26,800,000 24,750Read MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagesor Tide or Heinz. However, it will always be an important, measurable brand characteristic. Perceived quality will directly influence purchase decisions and brand loyalty, especially when a buyer is not motivated or able to conduct a detailed analysis. It can also support a premium price, which, in turn can create gross margin that can be reinvested in brand equity. Further, perceived quality can be the basis for a brand extension. If a brand is well-regarded in one context, the assumption will

Voting Based Neural Network Extreme Learning Machine Essay

Extreme learning Machine (ELM) [1] is a single hidden layer feed forward network (SLFN) introduced by G. B. Huang in 2006. In ELM, the weights between input and hidden neurons and the bias for each hidden neuron are assigned randomly. The weight between output neurons and hidden neurons are generated using the Moore Penrose Generalized Inverse [18]. This makes ELM a fast learning classifier. It surmounts various traditional gradient based learning algorithms [1] such as Back Propagation (BP) and well known classifier Support Vector Machine (SVM) . In order to improve the performance various variants of the ELM came over time such as Enhanced Incremental ELM (EI-ELM)[2], Optimal Pruned ELM (OP-ELM) [3], Convex Incremental ELM (CI-ELM)[4],†¦show more content†¦Mainly ensemble pruning [12] approaches are categorized into three types. a). Ordering Based Pruning: In this pruning approach the classifiers are arranged using some criteria and some of the top classifiers are selected as a Pruned Ensemble (PE). Some of the Ordering Based Pruning approaches are as follows: Kappa Pruning [12], Reduce Error Pruning [12], Minimum Distance Minimization Pruning(MDP) [12], Pruning via Individual Contribution Ordering [13], Ensemble Pruning Using Spectral Coefficient [14]. b) Optimization based pruning is a pruning approach which uses evolutionary techniques for pruning such as Genetic Algorithm (GA). A fitness function is genetically optimized to get a subset of classifiers which minimizes the error. Various variants of genetic based ensemble pruning have been proposed such as Genetic Algorithm based Selective Neural Network Ensemble (GASEN) [15], GAB: EPA [16]. Objective of GASEN is to select the best PE and maximize the accuracy of the PE by assigning the best weight to the classifiers of the PE. It uses fitness function, which is function of the generalization error minimized by genetic algorithm. GAB:EPA [16] was proposed for handling multiclass imbalanced data sets, diversity factor was also incorporated in fitness function to improve the performance. c) Cluster Based Pruning Technique: In such type of pruning technique many clusters of the component classifiers are made and fromShow MoreRelatedDecision Tree Induction Clustering Techniques in Sas Enterprise Miner, Spss Clementine, and Ibm Intelligent Miner – a Comparative Analysis6636 Words   |  27 Pagesto choose the most appropriate software for a particular organization. This paper aims to provide a comparative analysis for three popular data mining software tools, which are SAS ® Enterprise Miner, SPSS Clementine, and IBM DB2 ® Intelligent Miner based on four main criteria, which are performance, functionality, usability, and auxiliary Task Support. 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Sociology and Rizal free essay sample

For one, all of us have been taught in school that Jose Rizal is our national hero. We all know that he fought for our country against different countries who want to control us. We became an independent country because of him. What made Jose Rizal worthy of becoming the Philippines’ national hero was not merely his intelligence, personality, or his pacifist ideals. Rather, it was his patriotism, optimism, undying love for his country and his belief in his countrymen which set him apart. He believed not merely in freedom but in the potential of the Filipino people to surpass what they were under the Spanish colonial government, and all he wished was for them to be given the chance to tap that potential. And for that, he has earned his right place as a symbol of what a Filipino can do in one short lifetime. Rizal remains a nationalist icon in the Philippines for helping the country take its first steps toward independence. Many people patronized Jose Rizal because of what he had done for our country. In terms of everyday life, we can be a hero anytime by just helping others in small ways. By giving food to those who have no money to buy food, by helping others that are in need, there are many ways to help other people and by that we can also become a hero. But today, is he still a role model for the Filipino youth? Is he still being remembered the way a national hero should be? Is he an inspiration to the younger generations? According to some, youth are back bone to the nation. They can change the future of the society with their well being, plucky and courageous behavior. Unfortunately, today we find the youth those who are more interested in other places which are not useful to them as well as to our motherland. They choose to spend their days doing drugs and alcohols, playing video games, spending their nights partying and living it up. I must admit, the youth of today are out of control, they follow the wrong path/crowd just for their pleasure, leisure and popularity. What is worse with the situation is the youth that are the most out of control are the individuals living in poverty, majority of these individual rob and kill people, most of them living in the wrong path of drugs and liquors and most of them involving themselves into parenting at a very young age. Maybe because they feel they don’t have anything, downing them to thinking when you don’t have anything there is nothing to lose. With regards with facing the problems we have today should be done by a centered and powerful guidance, providing activities that will make us realize the real essence of being a youth and of course the teaching of what is really right and what is really essential and precious with our nation. We must motivate others, we must teach everyone the significance of responsibility and the purpose of goal setting. Because if we refuse to have everything settled, we will soon be supporting an entire generation of homeless and needlessly families of our nation. I believe everything bad is not constant, everything worthless is obviously helpless; things have to change, with our schools, with the older generation setting as good role models, with the older generation setting as strict mentors and with the older generation setting as ideal leaders. Jose Rizal states that â€Å"The youth is the hope of tomorrow†. The youth should follow Rizal’s Vision of a genuine liberty and democracy for the Filipino people and a deep love for our country. The Spaniards are gone, the Americans gave us independence but yes, we are still prisoners. Prisoners of our almighty politicians who have managed to ravaged our country of its pride and treasure. Those elected officials who made a sham of our democratic system and making us believe that social inequality is the norm for the weak and underprivileged. The Filipino youth should take a stand and generate a new approach to free our country of these dishonest individuals. It’s important for the youth to act. Rizal has always been a very good role model and inspiration. We are encouraged to be the new Rizal’s to create change by being good leaders in our community. He encourages every one of us to continue his works for he believes that the youth today and the future generations will serve as a light to the countrymen. For us, corruption is still the main problem in the country. We should stop it. The motivation of the youth seemed to have gone nowadays. They are more interested in gadgets and computer games. Many of the youth nowadays just don’t care about what is going on in our country. Some of the Filipino youth doesn’t even care about what our national hero has stated. For some of the youth being a student, a child, and a member of this society, they don’t even care about what is going to happen to them in the future some doesn’t even like to talk to their parents they would rather do their stuff rather than to listen. The youth should be encouraged by Rizal’s life and contribute good things to society in their own way. He wanted the Filipino youth to use their abilities and skills to excel not only for their success but also for the success of the country. Dr. Jose Rizal wanted us to develop our talents and use them to help those who are in need. As Filipinos, we should do a lot more. Studying very well does not waste your time but live up to the dreams of your parents and your teachers. By that, you are also doing a lot for your country. We cannot be soldiers or public officials yet, but serious dedication to studies is an act for the good of the country since you become the educated youth. The educated youth is the hope for our country. With education, you can equip yourself with solid knowledge that will elevate you to accomplish your noble purpose. The view of the Filipinos about the heroism of Rizal can be further strengthen by further studying the life of Rizal and making it the advocacy of every Filipino to promote the life of Rizal. It would also help if at the barangay level they can initiate the promotion of Rizal’s life, through publications and holding contest for the youth regarding the heroism of Rizal. For Example, drawing contest, essay writing and many more. We can strengthen the heroism of Rizal by unfolding our true feeling and express directly to all men. We have the knowledge in Science and Arts, use it in good manner to achieve our goals in the country. The country was covered by darkness. There are some people who fought for the change but what happened? They lose and lose. The youth of the country have the courage to fight for their feelings, fight for it because we are the bridge of all men. We have the powers to awaken and open the heart of every Filipino, we are the heart and reality opener and educator. Some people might consider us as a very little people, a very low class citizen that can be easily rejected. They don’t know that we are playing a very important role in the society. We have to prove that we are important in the country’s situation today. We can be free but we cannot be independent. We can be independent but we cannot be free. Before we can reach that true freedom that we’re aspiring for, we need to have enough education to have individuality. We must all prove and show the older generation what they were saying were wrongs and misjudgements, we should aware them we have the intelligence, the abilities and the skills. We have to show them what we are made of. In every journey there will always be a challenge, this challenge is never been identified by its hardness, we, the youth, are the one making it harder because we think, it’s hard, but if we are going to open our mind and make this challenge a stepping stone maybe we can survive, prove something to ourselves and be proud that we succeed. How significant were Rizal’s ideals in the context of the 19th century political, economic, social, religious and education? Note: You should first explain the prevailing conditions of the time before looking into the significance of Rizal’s ideals. During the 19th century Spain invested heavily in education and infrastructure. Through the Education Decree of Queen Isabella II of Spain decreed the establishment of a free public school system that used Spanish as the language of instruction, leading to increasing numbers of educated Filipinos. Additionally, the opening of the Suez Canal cut travel time to Spain, which facilitated the rise of the illustrados, an enlightened class of Filipinos that had been able to expand their studies in Spain and Europe. A great deal of infrastructure projects were undertaken during the 19th century that put the Philippine economy and standard of living ahead of most of its Asian neighbours and even many European countries at that time. The main mode of transportation was the horse and the carriage Rizal’s concept of the importance of education is clearly enunciated in his work entitled Instruction wherein he sought improvements in the schools and in the methods of teaching. He maintained that the backwardness of his country during the Spanish ear was not due to the Filipinos’ indifference, apathy or indolence as claimed by the rulers, but to the neglect of the Spanish authorities in the islands. For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the highest seat of glory and to develop the people’s mentality. Since education is the foundation of society and a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that only through education could the country be saved from domination. Rizal’s philosophy of education, focus on the provision of proper motivation in order to strengthen the great social forces that make education a success, to create in the youth an innate desire to cultivate his intelligence and give him life eternal. Rizal grew up nurtured by a Catholic family, was educated in the foremost Catholic schools of the period in the elementary, secondary and college levels, therefore, he should have been a propagator of strictly Catholic traditions. However, in later life, he developed a life philosophy of a different nature, a philosophy of a different Catholic practice intermingled with the use of truth and reason. It could have been the result of contemporary contact, companionship, observation, research and the possession of an independent spirit. Being a critical observer, a profound thinker and a passionate reformer, Rizal did not agree with the prevailing Christian propagation of the Faith by fire and sword. Rizal did not believe in the Catholic dogma that salvation was only for Catholics and that outside Christianity, salvation was not possible even if Catholics composed only a small minority of the world’s religious groups. Nor did he believe in the Catholic observation of fasting as a sacrifice, nor in the sale of such religious items as the cross, medals, rosaries and the like in order to propagate the Faith and raise church funds. He also criticized the superstitious beliefs propagated by the priests in the church and in the schools. All of these and a lot more are evidences of Rizal’s religious philosophy. In Rizal’s political view, a conquered country like the Philippines should not be taken advantage of but rather should be developed, civilized, educated and trained in the science of self- government. He criticized the apparent backwardness of the Spanish ruler’s method of governing the country which resulted in the bondage and slavery of the conquered, the Spanish government’s requirement of forced labor and force military service upon the n natives, the abuse of power by means of exploitation, the government ruling that any complaint against the authorities was criminal and making the people ignorant, destitute and fanatic, thus discouraging the formation of a national sentiment. Rizal’s guiding political philosophy proved to be the study and application of reforms, the extension of human rights, the training for self government and the arousing of spirit of discontent over oppression, brutality, inhumanity, sensitiveness and self love. The body of knowledge relating to society including the wisdom which mans experience in society has taught him is social philosophy. The facts dealt with are principles involved in nation building and not individual social problems. The subject matter of this social philosophy covers the problems of the whole race, with every problem having a distinct solution to bolster the people’s social knowledge. Rizal’s social philosophy dealt with man in society, influential factors in human life, racial problems, social constant, social justice social ideal, poverty and wealth, reforms, youth and greatness and history and progress. The above dealt with man’s evolution and his environment, explaining for the most part human behavior and capacities like his will to live, his desire to possess happiness, the change of his mentality, the role of virtuous women in the guidance of great men, the need for elevating and inspiring mission, the duties and dictates of man’s conscience, man’s need of practicing gratitude, the necessity for consulting reliable people, his need for experience, his ability to deny, the importance of deliberation, the voluntary offer of man’s abilities and possibilities, the ability to think, aspire and strive to rise, and the proper use of hearth, brain and spirit-all of these combining to enhance the intricacies, beauty and values of human nature. All of the above served as Rizal’s guide in his continuous effort to make over his beloved Philippines. Rizal’s salutation, though poetic, provided two ideas that manifest modernity. First, the dynamism of society and the recognition of Spain to the wisdom and talents of the Filipino natives are starting. Though Rizal had already observed these developments, his works provided the most important part in history that brought the Philippines to social transformation and mobilization. He is the process of the subprocesses of political modernization as he laid foundations for the Filipinos to know the problems and to address these problems through his two famous novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo. In his Noli Me Tangere, he presented the social ills in the Philippines that seeks remedy. Noli Me Tangere deeply criticized the wrongdoings and abuses of the Roman Catholic Church that caused the malaise of the natives. Noli Me Tangere deeply criticized the wrongdoings and abuses of the Roman Catholic Church that caused the malaise of the natives. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo became the eye- opener to the Filipinos that oppression of the Spanish government is not only the real dilemma, but also the natives as well. In order to realize modernization and its success, social transformation is necessary prior to any peaceful or violent movement a society will partake. Rizal provided the ideas of modernization to the Philippines. In reaction, his works ignited certain movements that changed the fate of the Philippines. He ignited the consciousness of the Filipinos, decreased regionalism, and shook the feet of the Spanish regalia. Today however, much has to be done. Rizal’s ideas on political modernization are still far from reality. Corruption and elitism is still rampant in our social and political spectrum, reforms to education system are still far from what other countries have, the wall that represent the church and state is still weak and controversial that often led to misunderstanding and division, regionalism, terrorism, stereotyping and rebellion indicates lack of unity and fraternity, and lastly, increasing poverty rate which hinders social justice, development, and social equity. The ideas of Jose Rizal on political modernization must set as an inspiration to the Filipino people to achieve a better state. He does not suggest a modelled society, but aspires to have a country with self-determination and robust integrity. As an independent state, our unity, sense of equality, nationalism must be developed to make the Philippines a strong state with a strong society. 3. As a Bedan, How can Rizal’s life and works be applied in the school and outside San Beda after graduation? If there is one thing that Jose Rizal had contributed to the consciousness of the Filipino youth, his passion in fighting social ills in the country would stand out. Rizal’s life would guide young Filipinos in improving their society. We are lucky that our country today is not chaotic like our country before. As a Bedan, I can apply Rizal’s life in the school by studying very hard and putting a passion to it. Pursuing our dreams like Rizal did. For Rizal, the mission of education is to elevate the country to the highest seat of glory and to develop the people’s mentality. Since education is the foundation of society and a prerequisite for social progress, Rizal claimed that only through education could the country be saved from domination. If all of us applied Rizal’s life in ourselves, then our country will be much more stronger and our economic status can generate more too. Outside the school, Rizal has always been a very good role model and inspiration. We are encouraged to be the new Rizal’s to create change by being good leaders in our community. For us, corruption is still the main problem in the country. We should stop it. For me, I can help to prevent this by helping my younger cousins to their studies. Just what Rizal said â€Å"The youth is the hope of tomorrow† by doing that even if it is just simple help, I applied Rizal’s life and works for others too. Jose Rizal inspired me and also inspired many Filipinos not just during his time but also to later generations to fight for freedom against the excesses of economic, political and social policies freedom. As a student, it is very important for me to study the life of Rizal including his writings and literary works. There is a need for myself to be fully aware why Rizal play a very important role in our country today. Some people say why is he known as a hero when in fact he didnt do anything but to write poems and novels? It is through of these writings revealed how cruel and abusive the Spaniards was in treating the Filipino people. . It was Rizal who lifted up the hearts of his generation and he highlighted that The Youth Is The Hope Of Our Nation. I agree that our future generation will play a big role and will have to do something for our Nation. That is the reason why that Education is very important for us because it is a way for us where we can be aware and realize the things happened in our country today and let us try to do something to defend or fight for our own.

Values Of Americans Essays - Epistolary Novels, Douglas Coupland

Values of Americans America is the most powerful country in the world. The American economy has been a symbol of the wealth of a nation. The efforts of our forefathers and present geniuses have created economic values, which have caused American's to thrive. Two of these influences are Bill Gates and Ben Franklin who through genius and hard work, have made huge advances in economic values. Although their efforts spaced by hundreds of years, they believe similarly in the success of workers. Two articles "The Way to Wealth", by Ben Franklin and "Microserfs", by David Coupland, support economic values of their specific time periods. Franklin's essay is written in 1733, when agriculture was the way of life. David Coupland's essay is a present day description of technology and how Microsoft has had such an impact on our lives. Both essays, each defining different eras, come together to portray the epitome of economic values. The writers's depiction of work, from their respected eras, show how these American economic values has not changed. Poor Richard Saunders' advice symbolizes what American worker's economic values should be. Poor Richard is a character Franklin uses to push his economic values, and he believes that firm economic values will create wealth. He explains "get what you can, and what you get hold; ?Tis the stone that will turn all your lead into gold"(Franklin 551). Having good economic values can give you the gold touch. Good time management and sound management of one's money are the keys to success. Hence Franklin's famous sayings "a penny saved is a penny earned" and "early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise"(Franklin 545). The sayings of Richard Saunders are for the ages, as well as the agricultural life as he knew it. Douglas Coupland's character analysis of [emailprotected] serves as the icon of a modern day American technological worker. [emailprotected] is an employee of Bill Gates's corporation Microsoft which "employs more than 32000 people in 60 countries"( Bill Gates' Web Site-Biography). [emailprotected] is a prize employee who is loyal, hardworking, and relentless; he describes his life as "work, sleep, work, sleep, work, sleep"(Coupland 598). The Microsoft employee does not know the meaning of leisure as his work schedule goes "In at 9:30 a.m.; out at 11:30 p.m."(Coupland 599). He describes his "universe consists of home, Microsoft, and Costco"(Coupland 597). Even in such a technological world [emailprotected] does not forget the age-old values of being smart with time and money. The American economic values of today are similar to the values of several hundred years ago. Richard Saunders' advice of his time still remains relevant to the technological world of the present. The values Coupland depicts in [emailprotected] correlate directly to the messages Poor Richard teaches. Wealth always goes to who work the hardest. America is a capitalist country based on the economic values discussed in the featured essays, and Franklin is a brilliant man whose values have withstood the test of time. Like anything else, the lifestyles depicted in the articles are not perfect. There are negatives to the economic values discussed, but the positives still outweigh the negatives. Wealth is a symbol of the ideal American lifestyle, and if a person works hard enough he or she obtains it. Wealth is important, but it does not complete a person. Both essays contain inferences to mistrust in leisure and how the character's lack leisure time. [emailprotected] explains "I fell like my body is a station wagon in which I drive my brain around, like a suburban mother taking the kids to hockey practice"(598). This Microsoft employee definitely needs more leisure time. He even goes on to say "I know a few Microsoft employees who try to fake having a life-many a Redmond garage contains a never-used kayak collecting dust"(Coupland 598). People must learn the importance of leisure time. Success can be balanced with some leisure time; a happy median between work and play can be found. Economic values of American lives have not changed over the past several hundred years. From the adages of Ben Franklin, to the genius of Bill Gates, Americans are economically the same. In the article "Microserfs," the highlight of the story was when an employee got emailed by Bill himself. Gates has been described as spending "a significant person of his time to. . . staying in contact with Microsoft employees around the world though email'(Bill Gates' Web Site-Biography). Bill Gates is an idol amongst his colleagues. America needs more people like Ben Franklin and Bill Gates, to teach the importance of sound

the night stalker essays

the night stalker essays In the movie Manhunt: Search for the Night Stalker, the articles in Time magazine and the Los Angles Times newspaper the story of the Night Stalker, Richard Ramirez. They tell the grim story of what Ramirez did and how the police caught him. Also the articles give us a look into the eye of a serial killer and what are the reasons for a person to become a serial killer like Ramirez. To truly understand Ramirez we must first understand what makes him a serial killer. First off is how he kills; he had killed more then three people and second of all he killed his victims with a pause between them not all at once which would make him a spree killer. Also he would be considered as a disorganized serial killer, even though he kept a calendar of what he was going top do, which is an organized trait, he mostly worked in the disorganized fashion. He was very ugly having bad hygiene and looked very raggedy, he also had an awful style of living and did not have his own car. Another thing that made him disorganized was he would take victims that would be a threat to him. To even further understand Ramirez would be to understand his modus operandi and his signature. His modus operandi or MO is as follows; one, he used the same kind of car always, a red Pontiac Grand Prix, two, he came in through unlocked doors or windows, three, he used a .22 caliber gun to kill the victims. Now his signature is what he does to satisfy his needs, in Ramirezs case it was his drawing of anarchic symbols in the houses of his victims. To catch Ramirez would be harder to do then it was thought it was going to be. Sgt. Frank Salerno and Det. Gil Coreo were determined to do so. Salerno and Coreo took it upon themselves to list similarities in the up-to-then six murders in suburban Los Angeles at the time when Ramirez was also at work. Certain things matched. They collected fingerprints recovered cartridge shells fr ...

Biography of Willem de Kooning, Abstract Expressionist

Biography of Willem de Kooning, Abstract Expressionist Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 - March 19, 1997) was a Dutch-American artist known as a leader of the Abstract Expressionist movement of the 1950s. He was noted for combining the influences of Cubism, Expressionism, and Surrealism into an idiosyncratic style. Fast Facts: Willem de Kooning Born: April 24, 1904, in Rotterdam, NetherlandsDied: March 19, 1997, in East Hampton, New YorkSpouse: Elaine Fried (m. 1943)Artistic Movement: Abstract ExpressionismSelected Works: Woman III (1953), July 4th (1957), Clamdigger (1976)Key Accomplishment: Presidential Medal of Freedom (1964)Interesting Fact: He became a U.S. citizen in 1962Notable Quote: I dont paint to live. I live to paint. Early Life and Career Willem de Kooning was born and raised in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. His parents divorced when he was 3 years old. He left school at age 12 and became an apprentice to commercial artists. For the next eight years, he enrolled in evening classes at the Academy of Fine Arts and Applied Sciences of Rotterdam, which has since been renamed the Willem de Kooning Academie. Henry Bowden / Getty Images When he was 21 years old, de Kooning traveled to America as a stowaway on the British freighter Shelley. Its destination was Buenos Aires, Argentina, but de Kooning left the ship when it docked in Newport News, Virginia. He found his way north toward New York City and temporarily lived at the Dutch Seamens Home in Hoboken, New Jersey. A short time later, in 1927, Willem de Kooning opened his first studio in Manhattan and supported his art with outside employment in commercial art such as store window designs and advertising. In 1928, he joined an artists colony in Woodstock, New York, and met some of the top modernist painters of the era, including Arshile Gorky. Leader of Abstract Expressionism In the mid-1940s, Willem de Kooning began working on a series of black and white abstract paintings because he could not afford the expensive pigments needed for working in color. They were the majority of his first solo show at the Charles Egan Gallery in 1948. By the end of the decade, considered one of Manhattans top rising artists, de Kooning began adding color to his work. Willem De Koonings Untitled XXI (est $25-35m) from the collection of A. Alfred Taubman is displayed as part of the Frieze week exhibition at Sothebys on October 10, 2015 in London, England. Tristan Fewings / Getty Images The painting Woman I, which de Kooning began in 1950, completed in 1952, and exhibited at the Sidney Janis Gallery in 1953, became his breakthrough work. New Yorks Museum of Modern Art purchased the piece which confirmed his reputation. As de Kooning became considered a leader of the abstract expressionist movement, his style was distinctive through the fact that he never wholly abandoned representation by making women one of his most common subjects. A member of staff poses next to paintings by Dutch American artist Willem de Kooning entitled Woman (L), Woman II (C) and Woman as Landscape (R) at the Royal Academy of Arts on September 20, 2016 in London, England. Carl Court / Getty Images Woman III (1953) is celebrated for its depiction of a woman as aggressive and highly erotic. Willem de Kooning painted her as a response to idealized portraits of women in the past. Later observers complained that de Koonings paintings sometimes crossed the border into misogyny. De Kooning had a close personal and professional relationship with Franz Kline. The influence of Klines bold strokes can be seen in much of Willem de Koonings work. Late in the 1950s, de Kooning began work on a series of landscapes executed in his idiosyncratic style. Noted pieces like July 4th (1957) clearly show Klines impact. The influence was not a one-way transaction. During the late 1950s, Kline began adding color to his work perhaps as part of his relationship with de Kooning. Employees pose with Untitled XIX 1982 by Willem De Kooning (estimate $6M - 8M) during a photocall for the Peggy and David Rockefeller art collection at Christies auction house on February 20, 2018 in London, England. Jack Taylor / Getty Images Marriage and Personal Life Willem de Kooning met the young artist Elaine Fried in 1938 and soon took her on as an apprentice. They married in 1943. She became an accomplished abstract expressionist artist in her own right, but her work was often overshadowed by her efforts to promote the work of her husband. They had a stormy marriage with each of them open about having affairs with others. They separated in the late 1950s but never divorced and reunited in 1976, remaining together until Willem de Koonings death in 1997. De Kooning had one child, Lisa, through an affair with Joan Ward after his separation from Elaine. Willem de Kooning with daughter, Lisa. Images Press / Getty Images Later Life and Legacy De Kooning applied his style to the creation of sculptures in the 1970s. Among the most prominent of those is Clamdigger (1976). His late period painting was characterized by bold, brightly-colored abstract work. The designs are simpler than his earlier work. A revelation in the 1990s that de Kooning had suffered from Alzheimers disease for multiple years led some to question his role in the creation of the late-career paintings. Willem de Kooning is remembered for his bold fusion of Cubism, Expressionism, and Surrealism. His work is a bridge between the formal subject concerns of the experiments in abstraction by artists such as Pablo Picasso, and the complete abstraction of an artist like Jackson Pollock. Sources Stevens, Mark, and Annalynn Swan. de Kooning: An American Master. Alfred A. Knopf, 2006.

Controversial Artwork Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Controversial Artwork - Essay Example Chris Ofili’s Holy Virgin Mary caught national attention in 1999 when it was exhibited at the Brooklyn Museum of Art because it portrayed a queer image of a woman incorporating sexually explicit cutouts covered with elephant dung (http://www.your3dsource.com). The title and the artwork itself, enraged the roman Catholic church and political figures who have high regard of the virgin Mary so that the exhibit was put to a halt and petitions were made between the officials and museum, with the latter winning its rights for its opening as well as its funding. With the images included in the picture of a woman who cannot be acceptable as the Virgin Mary, it is considered defamation in the eyes of the religious people. The word ‘holy’ refers to one who is pure and clean, yet the painting mockingly portrayed its subject who was claimed as holy in its title, by surrounding it with things that symbolized filth like the elephant dung and images of buttocks. Art is indeed an expression of one’s self and expressing one’s self is a right to respect however, those who claim this right should also consider the rights of those whom they hurt because of their

Animation Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Animation Critique - Essay Example Hanna and Barbera received eight Emmy and seven Academy awards. Hanna-Barbera in 1967 was acquired by Taft Broadcasting at a value of $12million. Hanna and barbera headed the company upto 1991, when Turner Broadcasting System bought it. In 1996, Turner Broadcasting and Time Warner merged; Hanna and Barbera performed advisory roles in the new company. The animator applies philosophical aspects of semiotics, ritual, psychology, aesthetics and myths in his works. Semiotics involves creating meaning through symbols or signs. The meaning illustrated in most animation works is funny entertainment; for instance Tom and Jerry. Aesthetics entails beauty appreciation. The Jetsons majorly applied the aesthetics concept. Myths explain traditional issues or stories. For instance The Flintstones shows the ways of life if the historical stone age or cave man. Psychology involves understanding the mental functions or human behaviors. The animator applied this concept in identifying funny issues in the society that can be applied in animation. For instance; the jokes illustrated in Tom and Jerry or Scooby-Doo. Ritual entails sequence of related activities done in sequence; for instance the laboratory tests illustrated in the Dexter’s Laboratory (Lenburg 43). Joseph Barbera applied three significant animation principles in his work. These are; squash and stretch, anticipation and staging. The objective of squash and stretch is to illustrate features of weight and flexibility in drawn objects. This is illustrated in works like Dexter’s Laboratory (Mallory 107). Anticipation is applied in preparing viewers for action; and ensures the action seems realistic. This concept is applied in film versions like Scooby-Doo (2002). Staging principle is used to attract and direct the attention of the audience, to the important aspect of the animation. The main focus of attention in the work The Ruff and Reddy Show is the unlikely

Freshwater & resource Essay Example for Free

Freshwater resource Essay Freshwater is a valuable natural resource, but freshwater is only 3% of the total volume of water in the world. Two-thirds of this is found in glaciers and polar ice caps; thus leaves only 1% which can be readily acquired. Humans and other living organism on Earth need water to be able to survive. Freshwater is important in the transportation of nutrients in soil and is necessary for the propagation of plantations that support life for other organisms. Freshwater is a scarce resource; however it is easily contaminated by human activities. Human activities such as mining can contaminate rivers with heavy metals. It can also disrupt the ecological balance that requires the use of freshwater. Farmers who use excessive pesticide can contaminate freshwater supplies. Pesticides sip into the soil and flows to rivers when it rains. This human activities causes health problems, not only to humans but to other organisms as well. In some regions of the world, freshwater is not used efficiently. Irrigations and artificial dams disturb the water ecosystem. Irrigations and artificial dams direct the flow of freshwater to other paths which can harm organism who highly require freshwater. The ecological balance is destroyed which can affect several organisms that is part of the ecosystem. Excessive irrigation also induces desertification. Desertification is the decline of biological and economic activity of the soil. Desertification has been seen places around the world, such as China wherein farmers used irrigation inefficiently. Freshwater is renewable but it should be used in way that nothing is wasted. More and more people over the world are experiencing the lack of freshwater. Creating an effective water management is the only solution for this problem. References Richter, B. (2003). Ecologically sustainable water management: managing river flows for ecological integrity. Ecological Applications , 13 (1), 206-224

influence :: essays papers

influence Small-minded administrators and authority figures like to speak in clichà ©s. All my life I heard the same trite line: â€Å" You can tell a lot about a person by the friends they keep.† The black sheep of the honors program, I hung out with the so-called â€Å" losers.† During my freshman year, not a day went by when a teacher or family member did not deride my closest friends and warn me that by hanging out with â€Å" bad seeds† I would fall into a downward spiral, never graduate college, and have a miserable life. They thought that they had me figured out. One day, while my ninth grade math teacher, Mr. Pedersen, was reviewing some math concepts with me, my friend Mariam ran by the classroom, stuck her head in the doorway, called out: â€Å" Hi Yassee, † and then ran away. Mr. Pedersen looked at me coldly and said with a scowl: â€Å" How can you call yourself an Honors student? A real honors student doesn’t associate with people like that!† I wanted to ask him how he could call himself a teacher; after all, a real teacher is supposed to want to help everyone. Instead, I sat silent, stunned by his ignorance and cruelty. He wanted me to drop my childhood friends simply because they didn’t place the same importance on schoolwork that I do. If he had thought before speaking, he would have realized that people like him, rather than people like my friends, are better able to turn good students into poor ones by discouraging them with ridiculous comments. I would never slight Mariam. One of my closest friends in freshman year, she was also a below average, non-college bound student. Many of the adults in my life, especially my parents and teachers, would look at those closest to me: Mariam, Alisa, Zena, Lianne, and Marvin, and ask how I could call these â€Å" low-life losers† my friends. But such questions show a lack of understanding of the nature of friendship. Friendship is unconditional and uncritical, based only on mutual respect and the ability to enjoy each other’ s company. These authority figures never saw the way one of us could do something outrageous, and the rest of us would joke about it for days. We could have fun doing absolutely nothing at all - because the company we provided each other with was enough.

Midterm Congressional Elections

On 7 November 2006, the United States midterm elections were held. Results of the said elections show that the Democratic Party got the majority in the gubernatorial seats as well as the United States House and Senate seats. This feat was dubbed as the â€Å"Democrat Revolution† as the Democratic Party mustered enough seats in both houses of the legislature for the first time since 1994. Traditionally speaking, the US midterm elections was seen as an assessment of the incumbent political leaders – whether their political and economic policies are acceptable to the American people, whether conditions of living has markedly improved during the President’s administration. This 2006 elections is no different from that traditional viewpoint. In fact, social critics did hope for a Democrat victory as a clear and concrete manifestation of the disgust of the public on how President Bush administers his office. In a sense, it concretized the past negative net satisfaction that America has been giving the incumbent president. Given that the recently held elections was an assessment of the Republican President and its supportive Republican Congress, let us take a look at how the voters appraised their leaders. I agree at how political analysts gave the remark that the Americans voted through the issues of national and international import rather than of the local affect. The global image of America was at stake with the manner of handling of the Bush administration with Iraq. Yes, the US invasion of Iraq proved to be a quagmire for President Bush. Two years after he had declared that the war was over and we have brought â€Å"democracy† to that side of the middle east and even after the capture of Saddam Hussein, US troops continue to be maimed and die in the fronts of Iraq. Though until now, the supposed weapons of mass destruction are yet to be found in Iraq while its neighbors and other countries are the obvious ones that harbor these weapons. Honesty is an issue here as the public believes that they were led to support a war that could prove to be a bigger blunder in the contemporary world history. Americans felt they were deceived,  and this perception was shown in the past surveys. Only, it was concretized in the recent midterm elections. The Democrats promised reforms in the Iraq policy, and it also mirrored their platform for changes in the present international policies of the US government, i.e. war on terror. However, this is just one side of the idea running in the heads of Americans on Election Day. The other half, which stems from the â€Å"war on terror† policy, is homeland security. The haphazard management of President Bush on the Iraq war, including war crimes and economic costs, did trickle down to the manner of homeland administration. The people can very well remember how the Bush administration mismanaged its disaster and security measures during Hurricane Katrina. Still related with the national and international policies, the immigration policy of the Bush administration has been highly criticized. Though the Americans understand that the issue of security is a factor in the hard-line immigration policy, most believe also that it must not go overboard to even create an environment that fueled anti-America. To the general public, that is a no-no, of course. Homeland security policies must not fuel another rage of racial discrimination in this free country. What then should we expect with a Democrat Congress and a Republican President?   Some pessimists say: not much. While the more optimists say that there will be marked changes built on the former, but the running current may most likely pull the same efforts as before. Clashes between the Iraq issues will have to happen, and this might be good for a democratic country in the name of the highly-regarded principle of check-and-balance. The situation, though, is that President Bush still has the final say in the arena of international security policies like that of Iraq.   In the end, we are always hopeful that this will improve the lives of the Americans here and abroad. We are always hopeful that the changes will be done.

Compare and Contrast ‘Teresa’s Wedding’ by William Trevor and ‘The Three Sisters’ by Jan Austen

In this essay, I will be comparing the two short stories – ‘Teresa's Wedding' written by William Trevor and ‘The three sisters' which was written by Jane Austen. Trevor's story written in the 20th century is set in Ireland while on the other hand; Austen's story was situated pre -twentieth century in the old 19th century England. Although both these stories are based upon marriage and how marriage is reflected within the eyes of the community it can be speculated that each author wants to show the audience a different view point on what they think towards the concept of marriage and the true value of it. For example, William Trevor uses a close and detailed description to create a sense of character and tone. This can be seen at the wedding reception at the bar in ‘Teresa's Wedding' where he talks about the confetti: ‘it lay thickly on the remains of the wedding cake, on the surface of the bar and the piano, on the table and on the two small chairs that the lounge bar contained' From looking at this we can immediately see that William Trevor is writing in detail and makes the audience read beneath the surface of the passage. The use of detail description makes the reader want to read on and as they read they are unveiling new things from the text. William Trevor has cleverly made the audience read in detail as each thing he describes gets described in more and more depth – he is making us read on because we want to find out more about the wedding reception. Furthermore Trevor's characters are also described in detail and get developed through the description. Loretta, one of the bride's sisters is ‘small and brown'. This emphasises that Trevor is trying to tell us something. Unlike Trevor, Jane Austen on the other hand does not describe any of her characters in depth. Instead A usten builds up a sense of character through her letters and dialogue. This is clearly portrayed in the character of Mary Stanhope when she talks about herself getting married. ‘I am the happiest creature in the world, for I have received an offer of marriage from Mr Watts. It is the first time†¦' Jane Austen here engages and alerts the audience's presence as she uses a formal manner of tone and repeatedly uses first person narrative -‘I'. The purpose of this is to make the author seem invisible and makes the reader feel as though they are being spoken to by someone that is not the writer. Also Jane Austen makes the audience aware that the character speaking is young as she writes – ‘it is my first time'. Furthermore when Mary Stanhope is writing to Fanny she uses some youthful phrases such as ‘I hate him'. The tone is personal and is directly addressing the reader as ‘I', which in turn makes the sentence feel conversational. The fact that it is written in the first person, the text addresses the reader as second person and therefore giving an intimate tone. Another major difference between the two stories is that à ¢â‚¬ËœTeresa's Wedding' is a traditional story that creates tension and builds up to a intensifying climax unlike the ‘the three sisters' which is just a series of letters. As readers it is easy to take note that in ‘the three sisters' that Mary Stanhope is trying to get one over on her two sisters – Georgiana and Sophia. ‘It will be such a triumph to be married before Sophy, Georgina and the Duttons' From looking at the text above we as readers can see that to Mary Stanhope it is just about getting one over on her sisters and does not value the true meaning of love. To a certain extent we can say that she behaves much like a child – it is as if the character behind the eyes of her is just an innocent child who has not grown up yet. Jane Austen here is trying to show the audience that Mary still a girl in some sense who is still growing up. In addition to this, Mary Stanhope seems to be self centred, judgemental and very conscientious compared to her other sisters. She appears to be changing her mind a lot about Mr Watts – ‘I hate him' and ‘I am the happiest creature in the world'. She is contradicting herself which can also show that she is very judgemental and juvenile. The text and the different moods that Jane Austen has applied to the character of Mary Stanhope is intelligent in some way as she creates humour as we read on. In other words she has very cleverly secreted the irony of the humour within the passage itself, so as a result the reader has to unveil the irony as they read. Furthermore when we look at the attitudes of Mary we can see that the attitudes of women have changed these days. The fact that women these days are not concerned about their social status and being the first girl to marry in the family contrasts with the idea of Mary who is in turn looking for pride, status and indepe ndence – Mary is very materialistic. In contrast to this, ‘Teresa's Wedding' by William Trevor does not follow the idea of the eldest girl having to be the first girl to marry in the family as to being a triumph, but instead William Trevor wants to show his audience the true meaning of love and its value. Even though Teresa cheated on Artie, William Trevor show the reader that even in times of badness couples can make it through if the love for each other is strong enough . The key moments in the story are when Father Hogan says about Artie and Teresa: ‘ Isn't it great that God gave them life' and when Artie asks Teresa: ‘ Did Screw Doyle take you into the field' From looking at these texts we can see the importance of the plot and tension because the story is about Artie and Teresa getting married and when Father Hogan says that its great that God gave life to Artie and Teresa we can see the irony in contrast to Teresa cheating on Artie with Screw Doyle. The fact that Father Hogan said what he had that led up to a tense climax. From above William Trevor like Jane Austen have many similarities in their work as they both use irony. The usage of irony in Father Hogan's case makes the audience understand that there is more to what is being said than the literal meaning of it. If we compare the different sentence structures each novelist uses we can see that Jane Austen in ‘The Three Sisters' tends to use a mixture of simple, compound, complex and varied sentence structures. For example and during many points in letter 1 she uses a complex sentence structures: ‘He said he should come again tomorrow and take my final answer, so I believe I must get him while I can. The usage of longer sentences sometimes explain difficult or tense situations, to suggest characters confusion and also gives the passage a continuous flow to it and as a result makes the reader read on. Also when Jane Austen employs a simple sentence when Mary believes that she should have Mr Watts – ‘I believe that I should have him' it creates a sense of excitement and makes the reader read faster. Overall if we look at both stories it is possible to compare and contrast many aspects of these stories. The fact that both the stories differ it reflects the author's differing concerns. Jane Austen is primarily seeking to address to the audience that Love and Society as it stands today have hardly any resemblance of any sort in relation with her story. Where Mary Stanhope says that Mr Watts has ‘a large fortune' but she ‘cannot stand him' and ‘he is very healthy' reflects what the women of today want – They want husbands in sickness and in health and value their love not take them for granted. In contrast to this, William Trevor his trying to show his audience that love can be salvaged if the bond and care between the couple is strong enough: ‘She felt that she and Artie might make some kind of marriage together because there was nothing that could be destroyed, no magic' We can see that through William Trevor's eyes he thinks that if love is such a powerful element then it can withstand anything, even deceit. I think that although Jane Austen and William Trevor have different ideas towards love and society they have both accomplished their aims as they present these ideas to audience which makes them understand. For example, the irony both authors employ towards love make the reader unveil the humour which is hidden or secreted within the passages and it is this tool which makes the reader appreciate the true meaning of love and its value. Also in ‘The Three sisters' Jane Austen purposely uses first person repeatedly to make the tone of the language and text seem personal, and therefore make the text conversational and make the audience more involved – it draws them into the world of the story. Also the ‘I' makes it seem as though the character is talking directly to the audience and so attracts their attention. Furthermore I think William Trevor has produced such a good story as he likes following the character very closing and explains them in detail and therefore allows the reader to pay close attention to what is going on.

Free Essays on AS Islam

, that it is perfectly true, that every word of it is p... Free Essays on AS Islam Free Essays on AS Islam AS Islam: The Quran and Religious leaders. Q â€Å"In Religion today, the authority of religious leaders is more important than the authority of scriptures† Explain and assess this view (20 marks) A The word â€Å"religious authority† means a source of leadership, control that governs and teaches its followers, in a manner, which is acceptable for that particular religion. In Islam, this is Allah, the Holy Quran, the Sunnah and the Hadith of the Prophet (S), as well as the Prophet himself, and in today’s society, the masjids and the imams etc†¦ According to many Muslims the Quran is the primary source of authority. The Quran is the mainstay of Islamic life and culture. It transformed people from a set of warring tribes into a civilised international community. It gave Muslims a distinct identity and fashioned their history and continued to be a source of inspiration for over 1000 years. The Quran itself says that it is a revelation from God which, sums up all the people need to know about God and religion, â€Å"This is a book, in it guidance sure without doubt to those who fear God (surah 2 v2.)†The Quran is exactly the same as in its present version as it was in the time it was revealed. So it contains Allah’s exact words and this shows that it has more authority. Also it was given to Muhammad (S) in such a way that it can never be distorted, â€Å"He sent among them an Apostle from among themselves, rehearsing unto them the signs of God, sanctifying them and instructing them in scripture and wisdom, while before that they had been in manifest error (Surah 3 v 164).† The Prophet Muhammad (S) was illiterate when he received the first revelation in the year 610, in Cave Hira. This further provides authority for the Quran. As Abul Ala Mawdudi said, â€Å"Belief in the Quran should be of the nature that it is purely and absolutely God’s own words, that it is perfectly true, that every word of it is p...

Practice Using Contractions and Apostrophes

Practice Using Contractions and Apostrophes This exercise will give you practice in applying the first principle introduced in Using Apostrophes Correctly: Use an apostrophe to show the omission of letters in a contraction. Instructions Combine the sentences in each set below into a single clear sentence, converting the words in bold into contractions. Feel free to change the word order, add connecting words, and eliminate needless repetition. Heres an example: Example Original: You are tired. You should not try to study.Combined: You shouldnt try to study when youre tired. If you run into any problems while working on this exercise, review the pages on Standard Contractions in English and What Is Sentence Combining? When youre done, compare your responses with the sample combinations on page two. It is too cold to go swimming this morning.I will stay home and read a book.This morning I left a message for Sam.He has not returned my call.We are lost.We are on a road that does not go anywhere.We will be joining you in Springfield.We hope you do not mind.There is the man.He is the man who is engaged to my sister.She is quitting her job.She did not say why.Merdine has not attended any classes this week.I do not know what is troubling her.The Simpsons are not going with us to the movies.They have not been able to find a babysitter.It is not fair.You are going to Hawaii.I am stuck at home.I would like to help you.You are a close friend.I am too busy right now. Various combinations are possible for each set of sentences in the exercise on page one. Here are some sample responses. Sample Combinations: Exercise in Combining Sentences With Contractions Because its too cold to go swimming this morning, Ill stay home and read a book.This morning I left a message for Sam, but he hasnt returned my call. Were lost on a road that doesnt go anywhere.We hope you dont mind that well be joining you in Springfield. Theres the man whos engaged to my sister.She didnt say why shes quitting her job.Merdine hasnt attended any classes this week, and I dont know whats troubling her.The Simpsons arent going with us to the movies because they havent been able to find a babysitter. Its not fair that youre going to Hawaii while Im stuck at home.Because youre a close friend, Id like to help you, but Im too busy right now.

Take home quize Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Take home quize - Coursework Example The authors Jones and Barnett (2009) description, the authors strongly suggest the importance of the theory to the health educators that makes the theory become very interesting. Moreover, the authors give practical example to support the theory. The authors stated that a health educator needs to identify the intention of a person regarding a particular behavior. In order to successful determine the intentions of a person; it is important to comprehend the following factors as a health educator. Firstly, understand the attitude of the individual towards the behavior. Secondly, the subject must understand the subjective norms and lastly identify how the person perceived the behavioral control. These factors make the theory be of interest as they suggest critical parts in the stages of a change model. b) Contemplation stage: this is a point where a person starts to consider a behavior change someday. For example a smoker and an alcohol drinker who considers quitting the practice of stopping to drink alcohol or smoking someday but still not very ready for it then. The article states that health educators have a responsibility to educate people purposefully to promote, maintain, and improve individual and family and the community health. In a case where the conflict of issues come up, the health educator must consider all the issues in question. Health educators should then give priority to the issues that uphold and promotes the healthy and quality of life through the principles of self-determination and freedom of choice. In section two of this article, it states that as a health educator it is important to encourage actions and social policies. The activities should support and facilitate the best balance as so long as the decisions pose no threats to the health of others. As a health educator, I would take into actions policies that will be of benefit to the community. For example, if in case an immunization is affecting the people, then I would

Please write an important and relevant question to the designers and Essay

Please write an important and relevant question to the designers and to the Amazon corporation that reflects what you have learned about the role of architecture in this class - Essay Example This is evident in the use of color and general impracticality in designs. If this is the way postmodernism is all about, already nature has been tampered with. Most of the recent designs use bright features with the aim of attracting people and establishing power. However, this kind of design according to most postmodernists’ thinkers is a misuse and a great show of irresponsibility (Piotrowski 14). In their own view, these buildings have made the world lose its natural feeling. How will the Amazon’s building try to re-establish the lost contact with nature? In conclusion, nature does not offer any strict rules with which architects have to follow in their daily designing attempts. However, due to the urge to satisfy our needs, we always find it difficult to incorporate aesthetics in construction. This does not limit us to the way we use resources. It is all about the form in which our buildings take in relation to nature. Can Amazon do

Financial Management Individual Work 1 Week 10 Essay

Financial Management Individual Work 1 Week 10 - Essay Example Multinational firms experience economies of scale as part of their financial strategies. This relates to the advantages that accrue to a firm as a result of large-scale production. The large volume of the units produced by the firms, result in a decrease in the cost of producing each individual product. Through the process of rationalization, multinational corporations are able to achieve the advantages of worldwide integration as they are able to manage their resources adequately. It further allows subsidiary firms to adapt to the specific product needs and financial requirements of the countries in which they operate such as taxation and other business regulations. The subsidiaries are encouraged to operate as national firms through compliance with the specific needs of the nations in which they are located but retaining some advantages such as sharing of financial risks with their affiliated firm. Another advantage of economies of scale is that it reduces the cost of raw materials as well as other overhead costs which lead to huge profits in the long-run (Ogilvie, 2006). World-wide integration strategy allows multinational firms to develop standardized products which bear global appeal thus are able to generate huge profits owing to the fact that they are generally accepted and preferred by many people. Multinational firms can be adversely affected by the regulations imposed by banking institutions operating globally. Such challenges may be due to liquidity problems and interest rates. As a result, financial managers of the multinational firms must consider the cost of accessing loans in their countries of operation as well as investment opportunities available in those countries. They prefer operating in countries in which the banking sector is subject to international policies which have been set up by the International Monetary Fund. The domestic firms are in direct

Patient Centred Care in the NHS

Patient Centred Care in the NHS Introduction The NHS is a large multi-functioning health care service that deals with over 1 million patients every 36 hours1. The NHS sets out to provide quality health care which include three important parts; Clinical efficiency, patient safety and patient experience2 . The need for even greater quality health care in the NHS saw a shift in focus towards a more patient centric NHS3. This is because they believe a patient centric care, care that encompasses the patients’ needs and values and allowing this to shape and guide all clinical decisions4, will allow for a better quality of health care. This essay will explore how patient centric the NHS really is in terms of the different departments it encompasses, policies, laws and overall patient satisfaction. It will also investigate whether there are certain areas that the NHS needs to improve in terms of patient centric care and exploring if this is the case how to do so. Departments The NHS is made up of many departments and collaborates with a wide range of organisations such as the National Institute for Health &. Clinical Excellence (NICE)5. The structure can be described as complex and can cause confusion for patients trying to access these services6. In addition the complex structure makes the health care provided by these, less efficient and effective in the health services they are providing; and brings about questions of who is really responsible for the care of the patients7-10 In 2014 the NHS released the Five Year Forward View2, which outlines planned improvements for various areas of the NHS. Since the five year forward view plan was released, there has been a focus of new models and an increased focus on integrated care7. This emphases a more holistic approach to health care and looks to encompass all services11. Integrated care sets out to bring together a range of services so that all aspects of the patients’ needs are more closely met11. One of the new care models, called Vanguards has been set up around the country12. Vanguards aims to trial new integrated care methods which were presented in the five year forward view. Some of these new integrated care methods include Sustainability and Transformation Partnerships (STPS)13 and Accountability Care Systems (ACS)14. STPs are there to help organizations including GPs, hospitals, local authorities to work together and have unified services for the most vulnerable13. ACS’ have been developed to co-ordinate services under a set budget for organisations outside the NHS that impact health, this includes working with housing and social care organisations to create accountable care to assure that patients needs are being met7. Quality Surveillance groups (QSGs) identifies risks to patients in terms of quality and safety of the health care being received from the NHS and associated organisations acts as safeguarders15. This creates accountability for those providing health care services to the public. One individual organization within QSG is Care Quality Commission (CQCs). CQCs regulates the health and social care act, directly relating to patient centric care within the NHS as   regulation act 9 with this act says that providers must take action to make sure every individual has access to personal care treatment16. If this not being provided the CQC can take regulatory action, this provides further evidence that the NHS is patient centric as they are constantly monitoring the quality of patient care. Another QSG group is the clinical commission group (CCGs) this group, led by GPs commissions services on the behalf of the NHS, works to improve the health of the population in their area. CCGs are important because they allow the clinicians (GPs) that have knowledge on the needs of that particular area to provide the required healthcare services17. An example of this is the provision of integrated care within Oldham to provide a budget for vulnerable people to have fuel in the winter18. Although CCGs have been widely successful in terms of some of the services its commissioned, 19 one year after the creation of CCGs, a report commissioned by King’s Fund and Nuffield trust saw that less than half of GPs felt that CCGs reflects their views20. This report questions the patient centrism of CCGs as one of the reasons that CCGs are led by GPs is that they’ll have a better understanding of the patients’ needs in that area21, if GPs are not being consulted then this could also lead to less patient centered services. Furthermore, CCGs recently have had to make difficult decisions which have led protests from the public. One such decision is the closure of   Accidents and Emergency’s across the country22. CCG have decided these   A &E’s are unsustainable and are creating a larger deficit than necessary23. This has led to dissatisfaction from the public and feeling like their voices in regard to this matter is not being heard 24   .This goes against patient centered care, which is there to involve the patient in every step of care1. However, this is only one issue, overall the CCGs are a step in the right direction toward a more patient focused health care services for the NHS. With further consideration of GPs and the public views the CCGs can become an effective tool for building a patient centric health system. Policies and Legislation There are several laws in place that are there to protect the patient but also to put the patient at the forefront of every clinical decision that is made in the NHS. The health and Social Care Act 201225 allowed for the patients to be more involved in their care on every level. It does this by allowing patients support to manage their health in their everyday lives, it also gives them control over the care that they are receiving and also treating each patient as an individual with an individual circumstance25. In addition, this Act allowed for the establishment of Healthwatch England which will provide crucial information to the CQC on the opinions of the patients using their service26. To a certain degree this has been successful as Healthwatch England has published 1450 reports as of 201627 and has worked with local health ministers and the public to implement the care that is wanted by the patient. They have also worked closely together with CQC to provide information on which health services in which area need to improve28. However, they have only engaged 385,000 people28 to find out their view. Although this seems like a large sample the total amount of outpatients the NHS had in 2015/2016 was 89.436 million people29 and so this is a relatively small sample of the people treated by the NHS views which are being heard and so those which have the most need for improvement in the health care services may not be heard. Other legislation which provides the case of a patient centric NHS includes the Social Value Act30, This encourages commissioners of public services to think about how the services will benefit the public. The use of the Social Value Act in policy and practice can only be clearly shown by 13% of the CCGsand 43% of CCGshad no policy or were in the process of making a policy on the Social Value Act31.To improve to become more patient centric, the Social Value Act could be implemented on a wide scale basis into main policy of NHS England but also within the framework of QGS`. In addition to the previous laws, The Equality Act32, which protects patients from discrimination and permits them to get quality health care, also helps a patient centered NHS. It Allows for every Citizen of England no matter their culture and values to have health care which is free and of quality. These legislations are designed to make the NHS patient centric through creating a patient- NHS relationship free of discrimination and allows for the patient’s values and opinions to be respected. Although there could be some improvement on the implementation such as making sure these laws are practiced this can be done by setting up accountability groups and incentives for healthcare professionals to provide better patient centered care, these laws go a long way in making the patient the focus of the NHS healthcare33 Patient Survey Patient experience has been seen as vital to the care provided by the NHS34. Listening and taking action on a patients’ feedback about their experiences of health care is seen as critical to making sure that care within the NHS is centered around the person35. patient reported information can be described as Information which comes from the patient or family and Carers as an account or through surveys36. There has been increase in the number of surveys carried out by the NHS but have found that GPs were resistant to feedback which was to do with the patient or was dismissive questioning the validity of the report37. However there have been positive reports on services attempting to improve due to feedback from Patients38. This Creates a more patient centered NHS as they are listening to the feedback and taking action to it, meaning the views and experiences of the patient are valued.   Conclusion To conclude, The NHS has had a shift in view towards a more patient centric NHS, this can be seen as widely successful due to the policies and legislation its placed but also different quality surveillance groups and the listening of patients’ feedback. Although some improvement could be made in terms of CCGs and a straight forward pathway for the patient, the NHS can be seen as patient centric. Reference List 1. Department of Health. Chief Executive’s report to the NHS: December 2005. 272002. Department of Health, 2005. 2. http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20080728140415/http://www.dh.gov.uk/en/Publicationsandstatistics/Publications/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance/DH_4124276. Accessed 26th October 2017 3. NHS. Next Steps On The NHS Five Year Forward View. 06669. NHS. 2017. https://www.england.nhs.uk/publication/next-steps-on-the-nhs-five-year-forward-view/ Accessed 26th October 2017. 3. The Rt Hon J. Hunt. Making healthcare more human-centred and not system-centred. GOV.co.uk. 2015. https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/making-healthcare-more-human-centred-and-not-system-centred Accessed 26th October 2017 4. Institute of Medicine. Committee on Quality of Health Care in America. Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2001. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK222262/ Accessed 26th October 5. National Health Service (NHS). Putting Patients First: The NHS England Business Plan for 2013/14 2015/16.   England. 2013. http://www.thehealthwell.info/node/454557 Accessed 5th November,2017 6. Bamford, David  and  Daniel, Stephen  A case study of change management effectiveness within the NHS. Journal of Change Management, (2005).   5 (4). pp. 391-406. ISSN 1469-7017. 7)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kings fund, Creative connection. How does the NHS in England work? An alternative guide Kings Fund, 2017 https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/audio-video/how-does-nhs-in-england-workï » ¿Accessed 5th November 2017 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚   HJarmon. The new NHS structure is unstable.HSJ. 2014https://www.hsj.co.uk/comment/the-new-nhs-structure-is-unstable/5067897.article Accessed 5th NovemberDayan M. who is accountable in the NHS?. Nuffield Trust. 2016. 9. https://www.nuffieldtrust.org.uk/news-item/who-is-accountable-in-the-nhs Accessed 5th November 10.   NHS. Challenging bureaucracy. England. 2013. NHS. http://www.nhsconfed.org/~/media/Confederation/Files/Publications/Documents/challenging-bureaucracy.pdf Accessed 5th November 11.   Department of Health. Integrated Care: Our Shared Commitment. England. NHS. 2013. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/integrated-care Accessed 8th November 12. Williams. NHS England reveals new care model vanguard. HSJ. 2015.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   https://www.hsj.co.uk/topics/service-design/nhs-england-reveals-new-care-model-vanguard/5083135.article Accessed 8th November 13. N. Laccobucci. Community hospitals: still a viable option? BMJ.2017. 358 :j3581 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j3581. Accessed 8th November 14. T. Moberly. Accountable care systems and accountable care organisations in the NHS: progress or route to privatisation?, BMJ.2017. 358  :j4105 https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j4105   Accessed 8th November 15.   NHS England. Quality Surveilance groups. England. 2017. https://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/quality-surveillance-groups-guidance-july-2017.pdf   Accessed 8th November 16. The Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014 https://www.brad.ac.uk/library/media/library/documents/numeric-referencing-guide-October-2017.pdf Accessed 8th November 17. Kings Fund. An alternative guide to the new NHS in England.. Kings Fund, 2013. https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/projects/nhs-65/alternative-guide-new-nhs-england-2013 Accessed 8th November 18. Oldham CCG. Oldham Affordable Warmth Strategy. 2014 http://committees.oldham.gov.uk/documents/s66368/Affordable%20Warmth%20Progress%20Update.pdf Accessed 8th November 19. NHS Clinical Commissioners. Delivering a healthier future: How CCGs are leading the way on prevention and early diagnosis. 2016. https://www.nhscc.org/policy-briefing/5061/   Accessed 10th November 20.   Kings Fund. One year on, new commissioning groups are an improvement on their predecessors but do not reflect the views of members, say GPs. 2014 https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/press/press-releases/one-year-new-commissioning-groups-are-improvement-their-predecessors-do-not Accessed 10th November. 21. Kings Fund. Clinical Commissioning, GPs in Charge?. Kings Fund and Nuffield Trust. 2016 https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/sites/default/files/field/field_publication_file/Clinical_commissioning_web_pdf.pdf Accessed 10th November 22. G. Newton. Slideshow: Thousands march through Grantham in protest against overnight closure of A&E. Grantham Journal.2017. http://www.granthamjournal.co.uk/news/slideshow-thousands-march-through-grantham-in-protest-against-overnight-closure-of-a-e-1-7839498 Accessed 10th November 23. CCGS. Preconsultation business case.NHS.2016 https://www.calderdaleccg.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Right-Care-Right-Time-Right-Place-pre-consultation-business-case-15-January-2016.pdf Accessed 10th November 24.Robertson. Public Satisfaction with the NHS- 2015. Kings Fund. 2015 https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/publications/public-satisfaction-nhs-2016 Accessed 10th November 25. Health and Social Care Act 2012 http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2012/7/contents/enacted Accessed 11th November 26. Tingle, Kribb. Nursing law and Ethics. Forth Edition. Blackwell Publishing. 2014 27. Health Watch England. Every Voice Matters. 2015-2016. Healthwatch http://www.healthwatch.co.uk/news/every-voice-matters-our-annual-report-parliament-20152016?mc_cid=1f74368018&mc_eid=da5769ac78. Accessed 11th November. 28. NHS. NHS statistics, facts and figures.2017.NHS. http://www.nhsconfed.org/resources/key-statistics-on-the-nhs. Accessed 11th November. 29. 30. Social Value Act.2016. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/social-value-act-information-and-resources/social-value-act-information-and-resources Accessed 11th November. 31. National Voices. Healthy commissioning: How the Social Value Act is being used by Clinical Commissioning Groups.2017. https://www.nationalvoices.org.uk/publications/our-publications/healthy-commissioning-how-social-value-act-being-used-clinical Accessed 12th November 32. Equality Act 2010. https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15/contents Accessed 12th November 33. Department Of Health. The NHS Constitution For England. Government.2015. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-nhs-constitution-for-england/the-nhs-constitution-for-england. 34.   Department of Health.  High quality care for all: NHS Next Stage Review final report.Stationery Office,  2008.

Investigate the Effect of Varying Solution Concentration on Osmosis in

Investigate the Effect of Varying Solution Concentration on Osmosis in a Potato Chip Prediction A definition of osmosis is: 'the movement of water molecules from an area of high water concentration to a low water concentration across a semi-permeable membrane' (Oxforddictionary 2000). In a high concentration of water the amount of solute (e.g. sugar) is low. These solutions are usually known as a dilute or weak solution. But in a low concentration of water the amount of solute (e.g. sugar) is high. These solutions are usually known as concentrated or strong solutions. When a weak solution and a strong solution are separated by a partially permeable membrane, the water will move from the area of high concentration to the area of low until both sides are equal. This is osmosis, and is shown in the diagram below. Examples of osmosis can also be seen in living cells. Root hairs on plants take in water from the soil via osmosis. Water continuously moves along the cells of the root and up the xylem to the leaf. Water is moving to areas of lower water concentration all the time. This is shown in the diagram below. Example of Osmosis in a Root Hair Cell When a cell is placed in distilled water which is high water concentration water will move across the semi- permeable membrane into the cell which has lower water concentration by osmosis, making the cell swell in size. The cell is now known as turgid. If a potato cell was placed in the same circumstances the cells would increase in length, volume and mass because of the osmotic effects. If the same potato cells were placed in a solution with a low water concentration, then the effects would be the opposite - water would move out of the cell into the area of lower concentration, the water. Thus, the potato chip will decrease in length, volume and mass. In more extreme cases, the cell membrane would break away from the cell wall and the cell is then known as plasmolysed. The higher the concentration of water in the external solution, the higher the amount of water that enters the cell by osmosis. The smaller the concentration of water in the external solution, the higher the amount of water that leaves the cell. However, there will be a point where the concentrations of water inside and outside the cells are equal. This is known as the isotonic point, and at this point there will be no change in the length, vo... ...nger, this would have enabled me to find the saturation point (when the potato can no longer take in any more water) and dehydration point (when the potato cannot lose any more water)and therefore get a more accurate result. Finally, I could extend the experiment to a more exact level by looking at the potato cylinders under a microscope, and then I would be able to see the cells in greater detail and draw some more observational results. Further investigations that I could carry out in the future are, using a different variety of potato, for example, a 'king Edward' rather than a 'maris piper'. Also I could use a different plant tissue, for example, a carrot or an apple. Then I could find out whether osmosis occurs with the same patterns and trends with any vegetable. Conclusion However despite this, I think that the experiment I carried out, (given the apparatus I was given to carry out the test) was successful, my results were consistent, and I was pleased with the comparison of my results with my previous prediction. I followed the method plan correctly; I believe I gained accurate and sufficient enough results to conclude the experiment, and to prove my initial prediction.

The Brake System of a Motor Vehicle

With advances in automobile technology, braking systems have also been constantly evolving to offer precision braking facility in modern cars. The two prime braking technologies developed over the course of time are drum brakes and disc brakes. In the following essay I am going to describe the two different types and point out the advantages and disadvantages of drum and disc brakes. Before we make a distinction between discs and drums, let me explain the basic working principle of any braking system installed in cars. When brakes are applied, vehicles come to a halt through application of friction against the wheels. Heat is generated in the process. The conversion of kinetic energy of the rotating wheels into heat slows down the wheel. Early automotive brake systems used a drum design at all four wheels. They were called drum brakes because the components were housed in a round drum that rotated along with the wheel. Inside was a set of shoes that, when the brake pedal was pressed, would force the shoes against the drum and slow the wheel. Fluid was used to transfer the movement of the brake pedal into the movement of the brake shoes. The newer one, the disc brake, works on the same basic principles to slow a vehicle, but their design is far superior to that of drum brakes. Instead of housing the major components within a metal drum, disc brakes use a slim rotor and small caliper to halt wheel movement. Within the caliper are two brake pads, one on each side of the rotor, that clamp together when the brake pedal is pressed. Once again, fluid is used to transfer the movement of the brake pedal into the movement of the brake pads. Now I will highlight the difference between drum and disc brakes. Which brake system are better and why, if any?! Disc brakes operate better than drum brakes because of the difference in dissipation of heat in both systems. The drum brake is an internal system, with the brake pads being held inside of the brake drum. As such, it is easy for heat to build up inside the unit. When heat builds up, the brakes fade and loose their stopping power. Disc brakes, on the other hand, are more exposed. This allows for the brake disc and pads to cool much easier and for the brakes to hold their stopping power. Disc brakes also perform better in wet weather, because centrifugal force tends to fling water off the brake disc and keep it dry, whereas drum brakes will collect some water on the inside surface where the brake shoes contact. The advantage of drum brakes is that they are much cheaper to manufacture than disc brakes. Also when having brake work done, the replacement of drums or shoes is less expensive than that of calipers or discs. As well, drums can double as a parking brake, further reducing the cost of production of a vehicle. With disc brakes on all four wheels, manufacturers have to build a separate parking brake in the brake rotor, adding to its cost. All in all, the main reason that drum brakes are still in use is because of cost. Today most cars have a combination of disc brakes and drum brakes in their functioning. Braking causes the car's weight to shift forward, and as a result about 70% of the work is done by the front brakes. By fitting disc brakes to the front wheels and drum brakes to the rear wheels, manufacturers can provide most of the benefits of disc brakes while lowering costs.

Aegis Case Analysis Essay

The main question posed in this case is whether Aegis management should continue the relationships with their partners ProPack and POMS, and if they decided to continue with the relationships, how to structure them more effectively. Operating in a slumping economy, Aegis was worried about their level of sales resulting from the partnerships they had entered into. The main goal for Aegis when entering into both partnerships was to bolster sales, and neither company had accomplished that. With the possibility of terminating either relationship, Aegis would have to find another strategy for improved sales. With the absence of this strategy, it will be more productive for the company to restructure their existing relationships. Looking at this case through the concept of strategic alliances will help to find a strategy that will pull Aegis out of its downhill slide. For both relationships, Aegis has entered into licensing and distribution agreements. POMS and ProPack have combined their name with Aegis for separate products, as well as working together to distribute each other’s products. Unfortunately, in this situation economies of scale will not work to lower costs because of the nature of the product and the industry Aegis is competing in. Aegis and its partners have developed a product that is the technological standard for its category, but can continue to add value to the product, making it desirable and useful in the future. In my opinion, the best way to increase the benefits of these relationships is to foster an environment of trust and communication to operate in. This may mean revisiting the contracts that are in place to redefine what each entity wants out of the agreement, and the best way to go about creating sales. If they can do this effectively I believe the companies will work better together, creating more value for potential customers. This will result in an increase in sales for their products.

Motivational Strategies

Motivational Strategies Motivation theories were for a long time used in the field of psychology, especially in counseling and behavior change practices. A lot of achievements have been made in the use of motivational theories in the field of psychology.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motivational Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the recent times, motivational theories have been heavily integrated into the field of business and general management. This is because organizations depend on their employees as the chief assets in the attainment of organizational goals (Mckenna, 2000). Therefore, motivation has become an indispensable tool in management due to the emerging challenges in management. These challenges include stiff competition and a volatile business environment (Beck, 2004). Motivation theories, as applied in business, are used during the motivation of employees in order to enhance employee delivery and thus leading to performance improvement. Also, in business, motivational theories have helped many organizations to focus the efforts of the workers on the real goals of the business as they perform their duties. There are many theories of motivation that are applied in different ways, and in different business organizations. However, they end up serving the same function, which is establishing a motivated workforce for improved performance and productivity (Gitman McDaniel, 2009). This paper discusses how motivation has been applied at the place of work and goes further to explain the impact that this has had on productivity. The discussion focuses on business organizations.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, the focus will be on the efforts of the organizations to motivate their employees and the outcomes of motivation in the organization. Motivational Strategies in Business Firms In business organizations, business ideas and strategies are often invented. These ideas have to be translated into reality that is depicted in business outcomes. This is done by the workforce of the organization. Inspiration encourages the hatching of new ideas, but for these ideas to be tamed and implemented, motivation of the workforce is needed. Motivation ensures that workers put significant effort in their duties so that the business ideas that result from inspiration become successful. Several motivational strategies can be applied in business operations so as to excite employees (Wiley, 1997). One of the strongest motivational strategies that have been found to work well for business organizations is the maintenance of open communication among employees, and between employees and management. Employees of an organization need to have a feeling that they count in the organization and that their ideas are taken into account by their managers. When this happens, the employ ees will feel more inclusive. They thus become more responsible as in the aspect of ownership is instilled through open communication (Gaspar, 2006).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Motivational Strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A strategy that accompanies good communication and is embedded in communication is feedback. When it is well utilized, it bears more results than even financial rewards as these rewards are easily forgotten when the money has been used by the beneficiary. Frequent availing of positive feedback to employees accompanied by a team oriented environment makes a big difference in shaping the behavior of employees. It makes employees have the sense of value in the company, and thus the commitment level of employees to the company goes up. Positive feedback communication is molded as a culture in the organization. One company that has been utilizing this for quite some time is Tejas Securi ties Group Incorporated. This strategy has helped the company to maintain its staff for a long time and in expanding the activities of the company (Fielding, 2012). In a business, the most important motivational strategy is rewards. Workers will only be motivated by the success of the company when they are rewarded as a result of the success. Rewards can be in the form of material or in financial terms. The employees will always work hard to avoid failure as they know that if they fail, they will lose on rewards. This stems from having been rewarded previously. The employees increase their efforts when there are considerable rewards that are associated to success. A good example can be seen in the quarterly sales bonuses within a business. Salesmen show significant commitment to the sales function when there are high bonuses attached to a certain percentage of sales quotas (Mckenna, 2000).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Employee empowerment also goes a step further in employee motivation. The management of most business organizations has acknowledged the importance for each employee of their companies to have a strong grasp of their tasks as concerning their job in the company. Empowerment is a motivational strategy that gives power and authority to employees to manage themselves in their line of duty while in business. Empowerment aims to cut down the level of employee supervision. The principle of empowerment resonates from a psychological perspective. This perspective asserts that when people feel free in attending to a certain task, they become composed and will thus accomplish the task in a furnished way. Close supervision of employees causes panic and fear of doing the work badly, and this result in poor work. However, empowerment is attained when employees are fully trained and have shown that they have mastered their work and that they can accomplish their roles without a lot of dependency. Employees who show an initiative, a strong desire to diversify their duties and become efficient in their jobs are left to perform their duties independently. Empowerment is accompanied by thorough training (Gaspar, 2006). Motivational Theories and Application in Business Organizations There are very many behavioral theories that have been used to motivate employees and other stakeholders of organizations. They include Maslow’s theory of motivation; goal setting and activation; affect perseverance; and consistency, cognitive evolution, control, and drive reactance theories among many other theories (Mckenna, 2000). There are many theories that explain how employees can be motivated. However, there is one motivational theory that has gained wide usage in the day to day life. This is the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. It is a theory that aims at shaping behavior. This theory has been applied in many business strategies by different business firms, especially in hum an resources management. The theory has had a wide use in the motivation of employees and customers when it is used in marketing functions of companies. The theory classifies the needs of people from the simplest to the most complex. According to the theory, the behaviors and actions of people are shaped by their needs. Therefore, the fulfilling of the needs of people leads to a positive change in behavior (Madura, 2007). This theory has meaningful considerations in organizational management. It gives insights into the best means through which organizations can motivate their employees, customers, vendors and clients. Business managers utilize the theory to devise creative ways of motivating workers. This is done by looking at how employee needs relates to job design, and the compensation scheme of the organization. Business leaders, in most cases, use the strength of the psychological needs of employees. This is done by providing wages that are enough to enable employees meet their basic needs. Safety and security needs are met through the provision of job security, a safe working environment, and retirement among other benefits. Social needs are met by way of developing team work in the organization which makes employees feel as being part of the broader organization. In the development of products, companies ensure that they develop products that address the requirements of customers. For instance, companies will strive to produce goods that are on fashion and or whose taste is valued by customers at that time. The fashion industry is commonly associated with this in which case psychological needs self esteem and actualization play a key role in determining buying patterns. Also, companies try to diversify their products so that they can meet different needs of consumers. The more needs the product can meet, the higher number of customers the company is likely to gain (Madura, 2007). The other theory that enjoys wide usage is the goal setting theory. The th eory of goal setting has had a wide usage in industrial, as well as organizational psychology. Goal setting is a management practice that gives the organization a pivoting point for its operations. Goal setting itself is a process that entails the establishment of the level of performance. This ensures that desired business outcomes can be obtained. When employees realize that their current performance is not leading to the achievement of the desired goals, they get motivated to step up their efforts or rather adopt a new strategy that will enable them attain the stipulated goals. In most cases, goal setting emanates from the discontentment with the prevailing performance levels in the organization (Mckenna, 2000). Through goal setting, structures are laid down to direct the behavior and action of employees towards performance improvement. Acceptance of goals is a big milestone in performance improvement. The management sets and explains these goals to the employees. The employees b ecome motivated in the performance of their duties once they accept these goals. The management makes the employees have self-efficacy and importance. Importance is offered by way of availing all the machinery that will be needed in attaining the goals. Inspirational mentorship and good leadership help in instilling the act of self-efficacy in employees. Progress in goal attainment is achieved through feedback (Gitman McDaniel, 2009). As discussed earlier, feedback motivates employees by way of making them feel that they are adding value to the organization. In the case of goal attainment, feedback will help employees to know the amount or level of progress that has been made as they continue implementing programs. When employees realize that they have made much progress, they will be motivated to increase their input so as to ensure that the goal has been accomplished. On the other hand, when little progress is reported, the employees will not want to show or display any act of fa ilure due to self-efficacy. Therefore, they will employ all possible tactics to ensure that they finish the task (Gitman McDaniel, 2009). An example of organizations that apply the theory of goal setting in all levels of operations is the General Electric Company. The company has marked the idea that underlies the goal setting theory. The company ensures that their goals are part of the organizational mission and vision. Their set goals touch on all the aspects organizational operations. The goals are regularly reviewed, and improvements are enhanced so as to ease goal attainment (Redmond, 2012). References Beck, R.C. (2004). Motivation: Theories and principles. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Education. Fielding, R.L. (2012). Employee Motivation Strategies: Effective Solutions That Could Yield Maximum Profits. Web. Gaspar, J.E. (2006). Introduction to business. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co. Gitman, L.J. McDaniel, C.D. (2009). The future of business: The essentials. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Madura, J. (2007). Introduction to business. Mason, OH: Thompson/South-Western. Mckenna, E. (2000). Business psychology and Organizational Behavior. A Student’s Handbook. Third Edition. Philadelphia: Psychology Press Ltd. Redmond, B.F. (2012). Goal Setting Theory. Retrieved from: https://wikispaces.psu.edu/display/PSYCH484/6.+Goal+Setting+Theory Wiley, C. (1997). What motivates employees according to over 40 years of motivation surveys, International Journal of Manpower, Vol. 18 Iss: 3, pp.263 – 280.